Abstract
Air-Liquid-Interface (ALI) rings were observed on the side walls of stainless steel buffer vessels after certain downstream buffer preparations. Those rings were resistant to regular cleaning-in-place (CIP) procedures but could be removed by manual means. To investigate the root cause of this issue, multiple analytical techniques, including liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS), High Resolution Accurate Mass (HRAM) LC-MS, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have been employed to characterize the chemical composition of ALI rings. The main component of ALI rings was determined to be slip agents, and the origin of the slip agents can be traced back to their presence on raw material packaging liners. Slip agents are commonly used in plastic industry as additives to reduce the coefficient of friction during the manufacturing process of thin films. To mitigate this ALI ring issue, an alternate liner with low slip agent was identified and implemented with minimal additional cost. We have also proactively tested the packaging liners of other raw materials currently used in our downstream buffer preparation to ensure slip agent levels are approporiate.
- Received June 22, 2015.
- Accepted January 5, 2016.
- Copyright © 2016, Parenteral Drug Association
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