PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ljungqvist, Bengt
AU  - ReinmÜller, Berit
TI  - People as a Contamination Source in Pharmaceutical Clean Rooms—Source Strengths and Calculated Concentrations of Airborne Contaminants
AID  - 10.5731/pdajpst.2020.012054
DP  - 2021 Mar 01
TA  - PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
PG  - 119--127
VI  - 75
IP  - 2
4099  - http://journal.pda.org/content/75/2/119.short
4100  - http://journal.pda.org/content/75/2/119.full
SO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol2021 Mar 01; 75
AB  - Results are presented from studies performed in a test chamber on clean room garments used, laundered, and sterilized (autoclaved 20 min at 121°C), 50, 60, and 70 times, and garments used, laundered, and sterilized with a prolonged autoclave cycle 50 times. The source strength is described as the mean value of the number per second of airborne particles and aerobic colony-forming units (CFUs), respectively, emitted from one person dressed in the system to be evaluated. Results from body-box tests have been used to calculate theoretical expected concentrations of airborne aerobic CFUs and particles (≥0.5 µm) in clean rooms with different numbers of people present and at different airflows (m3/s). Theoretical expected concentrations of airborne aerobic CFUs are often below the detection level of traditional measuring equipment.