PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Linvill, Eric
AU  - Tsai, Chung
AU  - Ravaynia, Paolo
AU  - Chang, Chun
AU  - Brolin, Karin
AU  - Alvarez, Victor
AU  - Jonasson, Sofia
TI  - Rethinking Human Factors in Obesity: Development of Simulation and Physical Test Models of Human Soft Tissue to Study Autoinjector Activation Performance
AID  - 10.5731/pdajpst.2024.012993
DP  - 2024 Jul 01
TA  - PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
PG  - 530--531
VI  - 78
IP  - 4
4099  - http://journal.pda.org/content/78/4/530.short
4100  - http://journal.pda.org/content/78/4/530.full
SO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol2024 Jul 01; 78
AB  - Activation against a hard surface according to ISO 11608-1 is not always representative of device use on a soft injection site. A softer injection site – which is an anthropometric property found in obese patients – presents a distinct viscoelastic property which can lead to greater autoinjector activation forces that are not captured in standardized activation testing methodology. Soft tissue simulation and physical testing were developed at SHL to advance the development of autoinjectors, allowing for rigorous testing and challenging these in scenarios involving even the softest injection sites.