PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Knapp, J. Z.
AU  - Dull, H. F.
AU  - Bjorndal, P. M.
AU  - Brakl, S. F.
AU  - Yuen, P. C.
TI  - A Wide pH Range Stopper for Improved Particulate Quality in Parenteral Solutions
DP  - 1984 Jul 01
TA  - PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
PG  - 128--138
VI  - 38
IP  - 4
4099  - http://journal.pda.org/content/38/4/128.short
4100  - http://journal.pda.org/content/38/4/128.full
SO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol1984 Jul 01; 38
AB  - The combination of chemical inertness and compliance required of a stopper for parenteral products has, to date, been inadequately met by any single material. Attempts to achieve these requirements by coating elastomeric stoppers have proven unsatisfactory. Lamination of chemically impervious PTFE to elastomeric base material has been shown to yield functionally desirable stoppers with limited cost effectiveness. An alternative technique in which polypropylene or polyethylene is bonded to a variety of elastomers has been proposed for a wide pH range parenteral stopper. Stability studies in which the functionality of the new stoppers is compared to the widely used bare butyl stopper and to PTFE faced stoppers are presented.