PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Quagliaro, D. A.
AU  - Geraci, V. A.
AU  - Dwan , R. E.
AU  - Kent, R. S.
AU  - OLSON, W. P.
TI  - Aluminum in Albumin for Injection
DP  - 1988 Nov 01
TA  - PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
PG  - 187--190
VI  - 42
IP  - 6
4099  - http://journal.pda.org/content/42/6/187.short
4100  - http://journal.pda.org/content/42/6/187.full
SO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol1988 Nov 01; 42
AB  - Aluminum, presented intravenously to patients with impaired kidney function, is toxic. Solutions of human albumin, used for the replacement of plasma colloids, initially acquire aluminum from the following sources: the diatomaceous earth used during processing " the glass final containers > clayfilled elastomeric closures > depth filters containing diatomaceous earth. The final containers and closures provide an ongoing source of aluminum until the lime of use and, over time in the final container, glass becomes the predominant source of Al. A reduction in the exposure time of the plasma fraction to diatomaceous earth, and attention to the pH of that exposure, appeared to reduce the Al burden of the albumin product. Coating the glass vial with a layer of heat-fused silicone appeared to retard the migration of Al from glass into the product; a plastic container contributed no Al. We speculate that elastomeric closures containingfillers other than clay, e.g., carbon, also would contribute to reducing the Al burden of the product.