PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - John P. Connelly
AU  - John V. Welch
TI  - Monitor Lyophilization with Mass Spectrometer Gas Analysis
DP  - 1993 Mar 01
TA  - PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
PG  - 70--75
VI  - 47
IP  - 2
4099  - http://journal.pda.org/content/47/2/70.short
4100  - http://journal.pda.org/content/47/2/70.full
SO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol1993 Mar 01; 47
AB  - This paper presents a brief review of the basic issues of lyophilization and the fundamentals of quadrupole mass spectrometry. The emphasis of the paper is on the application of a quadrupole mass spectrometer as a process monitor. The details of sampling and data collection are discussed. Data taken while monitoring lyophilization is presented in conjunction with cycle optimization, end point detection and contaminant detection.