@article {Jennings180, author = {T. A. Jennings and A. Scheer and A. Emodi and L. Puderbach and S. King and T. Norton}, title = {Inspection Qualification (IQ) and Operational Qualification (OQ) for a Vacuum Freeze-Dryer{\textemdash}Part I General Discussion}, volume = {50}, number = {3}, pages = {180--188}, year = {1996}, publisher = {Parenteral Drug Association (PDA)}, abstract = {The principle objectives of this paper are (a), to develop the rationale for conducting an inspection qualification (IQ) and operational qualification (OQ) of a vacuum freeze-dryer; (b), to identify the key elements that require verification for completion of the IQ; and (c), to establish the necessary environmental and operational parameters necessary for the OQ of the vacuum freeze-dryer.}, issn = {0006-3363}, URL = {https://journal.pda.org/content/50/3/180}, eprint = {https://journal.pda.org/content/50/3/180.full.pdf}, journal = {PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology} }