PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Scott Lute
AU  - William Riordan
AU  - Leonard F. Pease III
AU  - De-Hao Tsai
AU  - Richard Levy
AU  - Mohammed Haque
AU  - Jerold Martin
AU  - Ichiro Moroe
AU  - Terry Sato
AU  - Michael Morgan
AU  - Mani Krishnan
AU  - Jennifer Campbell
AU  - Paul Genest
AU  - Sherri Dolan
AU  - Klaus Tarrach
AU  - Anika Meyer
AU  - The PDA Virus Filter Task Force
AU  - Michael R. Zachariah
AU  - Michael J. Tarlov
AU  - Mark Etzel
AU  - Kurt Brorson
TI  - A Consensus Rating Method for Small Virus-Retentive Filters. I. Method Development
DP  - 2008 Sep 01
TA  - PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
PG  - 318--333
VI  - 62
IP  - 5
4099  - http://journal.pda.org/content/62/5/318.short
4100  - http://journal.pda.org/content/62/5/318.full
SO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol2008 Sep 01; 62
AB  - Virus filters are membrane-based devices that remove large viruses (e.g., retroviruses) and/or small viruses (e.g., parvoviruses) from products by a size exclusion mechanism. In 2002, the Parenteral Drug Association (PDA) organized the PDA Virus Filter Task Force to develop a common nomenclature and a standardized test method for classifying and identifying viral-retentive filters. One goal of the task force was to develop a test method for small virus-retentive filters. Because small virus-retentive filters present unique technical challenges, the test method development process was guided by laboratory studies to determine critical variables such as choice of bacteriophage challenge, choice of model protein, filtration operating parameters, target log10 reduction value, and filtration endpoint definition. Based on filtration, DLS, electrospray differential mobility analysis, and polymerase chain reaction studies, a final rating based on retention of bacteriophage PP7 was chosen by the PDA Virus Filter Task Force. The detailed final consensus filter method was published in the 2008 update of PDA Technical Report 41. Virus Filtration.