TABLE II

Cycle Details

Ramp Rate UsedSucrose CycleSucrose Cycle (annealed)Mannitol (−5 °C cycle)Mannitol (−40 °C cycle)
Cool rate (°C/min)0.50.50.50.5
Freeze (°C)−40−40−40−40
Anneal (°C)NA−15−15−15
Primary drying (°C)−40−40 & −35−5−40
Primary drying (h)83.031 & 4541.749.7
Pressure (mTorr)5050100050
Secondary drying (°C)20202020
Secondary Drying (h)4.854.54.7
Pressure (mTorr)50505050