Organic Compounds with Derived Parenteral Permitted Daily Exposure (pPDE)
| Compound | CAS | Category | pPDE (μg/day) | Toxicology Reference | Modifying Factors | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | F6 | |||||
| Benzyl alcohol | 100-51-6 | NA | 270,000 | Pharmaceutical IV dosage forms up to 30 mL (0.9%) or 270 mg/day54 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2,6 Di(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexandien-1-one (BHT-OH) | 10396-80-2 | BHT and analogs | 800 | Mouse (IP) LD50: >1600 mg/kg55 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 |
| 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol | 104-76-7 | NA | 30,000 | ADI: 0–0.5 mg/kg/day or 30 mg/day56 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Caprolactam | 105-60-2 | NA | 30,000 | RfD (oral): 0.5 mg/kg/day57 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dibutylmaleate | 105-76-0 | NA | 11,400 | Rat (oral, subacute) NOEL: 95 mg/kg/day58 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| p-Xylene | 106-42-3 | Xylenes | 12,000 | RfD (oral): 0.2 mg/kg/day59 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Cresol isomers | 106-44-5 | Cresols | 1200 | p-RfD (drinking water standard, 0.02 mg/kg/day)60 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hexylene Glycol | 107-41-5 | NA | 72,000 | Rat (oral, developmental) NOAEL: 300 mg/kg/day61 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Tetradecamethylcycloheptasiloxane (D7) | 107-50-5 | Cyclic siloxanes | 12,000 | Rat (oral, combined screening repeat-dose, and reproductive and developmental) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day62 (D6 CAS 540-97-6) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Toluene | 108-88-3 | NA | 4800 | RfD (oral): 0.08 mg/kg/day63 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate | 109-17-1 | NA | 60,000 | Rat (oral, subchronic) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day64 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Ethylene Glycol | 1107-21-1 | NA | 120,000 | RfD (oral) 2 mg/kg/day or 120 mg/day65 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Diethylene glycol | 111-46-6 | NA | 30,000 | EU SCF TDI: 0.5 mg/kg/day or 30 mg/day66 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Octane | 111-65-9 | NA | 18,000 | Rat (oral, combined repeat-dose, and reproductive and developmental screen) NOAEL: 300 mg/kg/day67 (Undecane CAS 1120-21-4) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2-Butoxyethanol | 111-76-2 | NA | 6000 | RfD (oral):6 mg/day68 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)-ethanol | 111-77-3 | NA | 1600 | Guinea pig (dermal, 90 days) LOAEL: 40 mg/kg/day69 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-ethanol | 111-90-0 | NA | 3600 | p-RfD (oral): 0.06 mg/kg/day70 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Nonanamide | 1120-07-6 | Saturated FAA Cluster | 14,000 | Rat (diet, 1 year) LOAEL: 564 mg/kg/day71 (Hexanamide CAS 628-02-4) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 5 |
| Dodecanamide | 1120-16-7 | Saturated FAA Cluster | 14,000 | Rat (diet, 1 year) LOAEL: 564 mg/kg/day71 (Hexanamide CAS 628-02-4) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 5 |
| 2-Butoxyethyl acetate | 112-07-2 | NA | 6000 | RfD (oral): 0.1 mg/kg/day68 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol acetate | 112-15-2 | NA | 3600 | p-RfD (oral): 0.06 mg/kg/day70 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol | 112-34-5 | NA | 1800 | p-RfD (oral, chronic): 0.03 mg/kg/day72 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dodecane (C12) | 112-40-3 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Di(ethyleneglycol)hexylester | 112-59-4 | NA | 36,000 | Rat (oral, combined repeat-dose, and reproductive and developmental) NOAEL: 300 mg/kg/day74 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1-Tetradecanol | 112-72-1 | NA | 12,000 | Rat (oral, 37 days) NOEL: 100 mg/kg/day75 (Dodecanol CAS 112-53-8) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Erucamide | 112-84-5 | Fatty acid amides | 120 | Rat (oral, 5 days) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day76–77 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 1-Octadecene | 112-88-9 | NA | 240,000 | Rat (oral, 13 weeks) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day78 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Eicosane (C20) | 112-95-8 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate | 115-96-8 | NA | 200 | Mouse (oral, 103 weeks) LOAEL: 12 mg/kg/day79 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 1 |
| 2,2'-Methylenebis[6-1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-phenol | 119-47-1 | NA | 1500 | Rat (oral, reproductive) NOAEL: 12.5 mg/kg/day80 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Diphenylamine | 122-39-4 | NA | 600 | Dog (oral, 2 year) LOEL: 10 mg/kg/day81 | 2 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 |
| 2-(2-(Butoxyethoxy)ethanol acetate | 124-17-4 | NA | 1800 | p-RfD (oral, chronic): 0.03 mg/kg/day72 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Stearamide | 124-26-5 | Fatty acid amides | 120 | Rat (oral, 5 days) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day76–77 (Erucamide CAS 112-84-5) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Diphenyl sulfone | 127-63-9 | NA | 380 | Rat (diet, 90 day) NOAEL: 8 mg/kg/day64 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) | 128-37-0 | BHT and analogs | 1800 | ADI: 0.3 mg/kg/day82–83 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 1,6-Hexanedioldiacrylate | 13048-33-4 | NA | 30,000 | Rat (oral, combined repeat dose, and reproductive and developmental) NOAEL: 250 mg/kg/day84 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Dimethyl phthalate | 131-11-3 | Phthalates | 6000 | EPA screening level 0.1 mg/kg/day or 6 mg/day85 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1,3:2,4-Bis(3,4-dimethylobenzylideno) sorbitol | 135861-56-2 | NA | 2954 | Rat (oral, 90 days) NOEL: 123.1 mg/kg/day86–87 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Ricinoleic Acid Isomers | 141-22-0 | NA | 3600 | ADI: 0.6 mg/kg/day88 (based on ADI of castor oil: 0.7 mg/kg/day, 87% ricinoleic acid) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Diethyl adipate | 141-28-6 | NA | 60,200 | Rat (IP, reproductive) NOEL: 502 mg/kg/day89 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dodecamethylpentasiloxane | 141-63-9 | NA | 45,000 | Rat (oral, 28 days) NOEL: 1500 mg/kg/day90 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid | 1421-49-4 | BHT and analogs | 2000 | Rat (oral, chronic) NOEL: 25 mg/kg/day (BHT)91 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 3 |
| Triethylene glycol monobutyl ether | 143-22-6 | NA | 9600 | Rat (dermal, 91 days) NOAEL: 400 mg/kg/day92 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| meso-Erythritol | 149-32-6 | Threitols | 1800 | ADI unspecified93 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2-Ethyl hexanoic acid | 149-57-5 | NA | 14,600 | Rat (diet, 13 weeks) NOAEL: 61 mg/kg/day94 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 3,5 Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (BHT-aldehyde) | 1620-98-0 | BHT and analogs | 500 | Mouse (IP) LD50 > 1000 mg/kg95 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 |
| Ethyldiphenylphosphine oxide | 1733-57-9 | NA | 9.6 | Rat (oral, 90 day) NOAEL: 2 mg/kg/day96 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| CHIMASSORB 81 (Octabenzone) | 1843-05-6 | NA | 1800 | Rat (oral, 90 days) NOAEL: 75 mg/kg97–99 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Atrazine | 1912-24-9 | NA | 300 | Rat (oral, 2 year) NOAEL: 1 mg/kg/day100 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid | 20170-32-5 | NA | 120 | Rat (oral, 13 weeks) NOAEL: <50 mg/kg/day101 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| Octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate | 2082-79-3 | NA | 768 | Rat (diet, 2-generation study) NOAEL: 500 ppm or 32 mg/kg/day102 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| l-Threitol | 2319-57-5 | Threitols | 1800 | ADI unspecified93 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Ethyl 4-ethoxybenzoate | 23676-09-7 | NA | 200 | Rat (oral, acute) LD50 1649 mg/kg103 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene (2,6-DIPN) | 24157-61-1 | NA | 600 | cPAD: 0.1 mg/kg/day104 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Poly(1,4-butanediol) | 25190-06-1 | NA | 480 | LD50 (rat, oral):4 g/kg105 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-containing substance | 25322-68-3 | NA | 60,000 | ADI: 10 mg/kg/day106 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Octene isomers | 25377-83-7 | NA | 2400 | Rat (oral, 90 day) NOAEL: 50 mg/kg/day107 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Hexaethylene glycol | 2615-15-8 | NA | 282,000 | Rat (diet, 2 years) NOEL: 470 mg/kg/day108 (Pentaethylene glycol CAS 4792-15-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 1,3,5,7-Tetroxane | 293-30-7 | NA | 2400 | Rat (oral, developmental) NOAEL: 100 mg/kg/day109 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| Oleamide | 301-02-0 | Fatty acid amides | 120 | Rat (oral, 5 days) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day76–77 (Erucamide CAS 112-84-5) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite | 31570-04-4 | NA | 9500 | Dog (oral, 90 days) NOAEL:318 mg/kg/day110 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 1-Hexadecanol | 36653-82-4 | NA | 36,000 | Rat (diet, 13 weeks) NOAEL: 750 mg/kg/day111 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) | 540-97-6 | Cyclic siloxanes | 12,000 | Rat (oral, combined screening repeat-dose and reproductive, and developmental) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day62 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Hexadecane (C16) | 544-76-3 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) | 556-67-2 | Cyclic siloxanes | 2400 | Rat (inhalation, 5 days/week for 3 months) NOEL: 122 ppm (absorbed dose: 10 mg/kg/day)112 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane (D8) | 556-68-3 | Cyclic siloxanes | 12,000 | Rat (oral, combined screening repeat-dose and reproductive, and developmental) NOAEL: 1000 mg/kg/day62 (D6 CAS 540-97-6) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Octadecane (C18) | 593-45-3 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Acetamide | 60-35-5 | NA | 10 | NSRL: 10 μg /day113 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dodecanamide,N-[3-(dimethyloxidoamino)propyl] | 61792-31-2 | NA | 36 | Rat (oral, 28 day) NOAEL: 15 mg/kg/day114 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| Dimethyl adipate | 627-93-0 | NA | 2400 | Rat (inhalation, 90 day) NOEC < 400 mg/m3 ( LOAEL ∼ 50 mg/kg/day)115 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
| Hexanamide | 628-02-4 | NA | 4500 | Mouse (diet, 1 yr) LOAEL: 903 mg/kg/day71 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| Octanamide | 629-01-6 | Saturated FAA Cluster | 14,000 | Rat (diet, 1 year) LOAEL: 564 mg/kg/day71 (Hexanamide CAS 628-02-4) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 5 |
| 1,6-Hexanediol | 629-11-8 | NA | 4800 | Rat (oral, 28 days) NOAEL: 400 mg/kg/day116 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Hexadecanamide | 629-54-9 | Saturated FAA Cluster | 14,000 | Rat (diet, 1 year) LOAEL: 564 mg/kg/day71 (Hexanamide CAS 628-02-4) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 5 |
| Tetradecane (C14) | 629-59-4 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Docosane (C22) | 629-97-0 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Hexacosane (C26) | 630-01-3 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Octacosane (C28) | 630-02-4 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Tetradecanamide | 638-58-4 | Saturated FAA Cluster | 14,000 | Rat (diet, 1 year) LOAEL: 564 mg/kg/day71 (Hexanamide CAS 628-02-4) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 5 |
| Tetracosane (C24) | 646-31-1 | N-alkanes (C12-C28) | 120,000 | Rat (oral, maternal, and fetal) NOAEL:1000 mg/kg73 (Eicosane CAS 112-95-8) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Benzoic acid | 65-85-0 | NA | 240,000 | RfD (oral): 4 mg/kg/day or 240 mg/day117 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hexanal | 66-25-1 | NA | 300 | Rat (drinking water, 4 weeks) NOAEL: 12.6 mg/kg/day118 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate | 6683-19-8 | NA | 98,760 | Rat (oral, 2-generation) NOEL: 823 mg/kg/day119–120 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| dl-Threitol | 6968-16-7 | Threitols | 1800 | ADI unspecified93 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2,2'-Oxamido bis-[ethyl-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate | 70331-94-1 | NA | 1500 | Dog (diet, 13 weeks) NOAEL: 20,000 ppm (500 mg/kg)121 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 10 |
| N,N-dibutylformamide | 761-65-9 | NA | 10.3 | Rat (IP, repeat dose): NOAEL: 12 mg/kg122 (5 times weekly calculated to 8.6 mg/kg/day) | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 |
| Triethylphosphate | 78-40-0 | NA | 1500 | Rat (oral, developmental) NOEL: 125 mg/kg/day123 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenone | 78-59-1 | NA | 12,000 | RfD (oral): 0.2 mg/kg/day124 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Acrylic Acid | 79-10-7 | NA | 30,000 | RfD (oral): 0.5 mg/kg/day or 30 mg/day125 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Triphenylphosphine oxide | 791-28-6 | NA | 120 | pRfD (oral): 0.02 mg/kg/day126 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Methacrylic acid (MAA) | 79-41-4 | NA | 3 | Subchronic NOAEL (rat, oral): 0.05 mg/kg127 | 5 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Diethyl phthalate | 84-66-2 | Phthalates | 48,000 | RfD (oral): 0.8 mg/kg/day or 48 mg/day128 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dibutyl phthalate | 84-74-2 | Phthalates | 6000 | RfD (oral): 0.1 mg/kg/day or 6 mg/day129 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Phthalic anhydride | 85-44-9 | NA | 12,000 | RfD (oral): 2 mg/kg/day or 120 mg/day130 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) | 875-50-4 | NA | 15,000 | Rat (oral, developmental) NOAEL: 125 mg/kg/day131 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 |
| 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol | 88-26-6 | NA | 21,000 | Rat (diet, chronic) NOEL: 0.35% or 175 mg/kg/day132 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Phthalic acid | 88-99-3 | NA | 67 | Mice (IP, 5 days) LOAEL: 40 mg/kg/day133 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 10 | 1 |
| o-Xylene | 95-47-6 | Xylenes | 12,000 | RfD (oral): 0.2 mg/kg/day59 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Cresol isomers | 95-48-7 | Cresols | 1200 | p-RfD (drinking water standard, 0.02 mg/kg/day or 1.2 mg/day, 60 kg bw)134 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) | 96-76-4 | NA | 240 | Rat (oral, 28 days) NOAEL: 20 mg/kg/day135 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| X-tert-Butylcyclohexanol isomers | 98-52-2 | NA | 6000 | Rat (oral, 28 days) NOAEL: 50 mg/kg/day136 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Heptadecasphinagine isomers | NA | NA | 1000 | Nonpharmacological dose (Safingol, IV 60 mg/m2 or 97 mg single dose for 60 kg bw)137 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 4,4'-Thiobis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol) related compounds | NA | NA | 2400 | Rat (diet, 104 weeks) LOAEL: 20 mg/kg/day138–139 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 1 |