Break-Loose Temperatures in 13 mm and 20 mm Serum Stopper Depending on Vial Neck Size and Capping Force (Mean Geometric Tolerances) by Following the Force-Based Approach and the Nodal Approach
| Neck Size | 13 mm | 20 mm | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capping Force | 12 N | 40 N | 112 N | 18 N | 40 N | 125 N |
| Break-loose temperature force-based approach* | −40 °C to −35 °C | −43 °C to −39 °C | −41 °C to −37 °C | −21 °C to −15 °C | −30 °C to −22 °C | −35 °C to −27 °C |
| Break-loose temperature nodal approach | −29 °C | −31 °C | −40 °C | −21 °C | −22 °C | −30 °C |
↵* The temperature range throughout the rubber stopper when contact force is <0.1 N.