Freeze-drying is the drying technology of choice for sensitive biological drugs. On the one
side, it is admired for its suitability for the stabilization of sensitive molecules. On the other …

The aim of this study was to investigate if mechanistically different controlled ice nucleation
techniques in freeze-drying are comparable to each other with respect to drying process …

Over the last years, serious interest in emerging next-generation freeze-drying technologies
raised. One promising technology that stands out due to its proven benefits in food …

Improving freeze-drying processes regarding drying time and batch homogeneity is subject
of ongoing research work. In this context, controlled nucleation raised great expectations …

The study explores new benefits of controlled ice nucleation during lyophilization. A highly
concentrated monoclonal antibody product was lyophilized using conventional …

An efficient and potentially scalable technology was evaluated to control the ice nucleation
step of the freezing process for a model monoclonal antibody formulation and the effect on …

Controlling ice nucleation during lyophilization of parenteral drug products increases the
homogeneity of critical quality attributes, such as residual moisture, across drug product …

Freeze drying, which is also known as lyophilization, plays an important role in drug
manufacturing by stabilizing delicate pharmaceutical and biological products. The overall …

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of shelf temperature modifications
during application of controlled ice nucleation techniques on process data and critical …

In pharmaceutical freeze-drying processes, the freezing step is a key-step because it fixes
the morphology of the frozen material and, by the way, the final morphology of the freeze …