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Research ArticleRESEARCH ARTICLE

Pharmaceutical Container/Closure Integrity V: An Evaluation of the WILCO “LFC” Method for Leak Testing Pharmaceutical Glass-stoppered Vials

Lee E. Kirsch, Lida Nguyen, Ann Marie Kirsch, Garry Schmitt, Marcel Koch, Toni Wertli, Martin Lehmann and Gerhard Schramm
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology September 1999, 53 (5) 235-239;
Lee E. Kirsch
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Lida Nguyen
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Ann Marie Kirsch
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Garry Schmitt
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Marcel Koch
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Toni Wertli
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Martin Lehmann
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Gerhard Schramm
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Article Information

vol. 53 no. 5 235-239
PubMed 
10754718

Published By 
Parenteral Drug Association (PDA)
Print ISSN 
1079-7440
Online ISSN 
1948-2124
History 
  • Received April 28, 1999
  • Accepted June 1, 1999
  • Published online September 1, 1999.

Copyright & Usage 
Copyright © Parenteral Drug Association. All rights reserved.

Author Information

  1. Lee E. Kirsch*△,
  2. Lida Nguyen*,
  3. Ann Marie Kirsch*,
  4. Garry Schmitt†,
  5. Marcel Koch‡,
  6. Toni Wertli‡,
  7. Martin Lehmann‡ and
  8. Gerhard Schramm§
  1. *Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA;
  2. †MIZA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 101 St. Edmonton AB Canada;
  3. ‡WILCO AG, Wohlen, Switzerland;
  4. §WilCO USA, Inc., Woodland Park, CO, USA.
  1. △Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
    zip 52242

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PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
Vol. 53, Issue 5
September/October 1999
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Pharmaceutical Container/Closure Integrity V: An Evaluation of the WILCO “LFC” Method for Leak Testing Pharmaceutical Glass-stoppered Vials
Lee E. Kirsch, Lida Nguyen, Ann Marie Kirsch, Garry Schmitt, Marcel Koch, Toni Wertli, Martin Lehmann, Gerhard Schramm
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Sep 1999, 53 (5) 235-239;

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Pharmaceutical Container/Closure Integrity V: An Evaluation of the WILCO “LFC” Method for Leak Testing Pharmaceutical Glass-stoppered Vials
Lee E. Kirsch, Lida Nguyen, Ann Marie Kirsch, Garry Schmitt, Marcel Koch, Toni Wertli, Martin Lehmann, Gerhard Schramm
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Sep 1999, 53 (5) 235-239;
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