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Research ArticleTECHNOLOGY/APPLICATIONS

Applying a Uniform Layer of Disinfectant by Wiping

Douglas W. Cooper
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology January 2000, 54 (1) 44-58;
Douglas W. Cooper
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Abstract

Disinfection or sterilization often requires applying a film of liquid to a surface, frequently done by using a wiper as the applicator. The wiper must not only hold a convenient amount of liquid, it must deposit it readily and uniformly. Contact time is critical to disinfection efficacy. Evaporation can limit the contact time. To lengthen the contact time, thickly applied layers are generally preferred. The thickness of such layers can be determined by using dyes or other tracers, as long as the tracers do not significantly affect the liquid's surface tension and viscosity and thus do not affect the thickness of the applied layer. Alternatively, as done here, the thickness of the layer can be inferred from the weight loss of the wiper. Results are reported of experiments on thickness of the layers applied under various conditions. Near saturation, hydrophilic polyurethane foam wipers gave layers roughly 10 μm thick, somewhat less than expected from hydrodynamic theory, but more than knitted polyester or woven cotton. Wipers with large liquid holding capacity, refilled often, should produce more nearly uniform layers. Higher pressures increase saturation in the wiper, tending to thicken the layer, but higher pressures also force liquid from the interface, tending to thin the layer, so the net result could be thicker or thinner layers, and there is likely to be an optimal pressure.

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PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
Vol. 54, Issue 1
January/February 2000
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Applying a Uniform Layer of Disinfectant by Wiping
Douglas W. Cooper
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Jan 2000, 54 (1) 44-58;
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More in this TOC Section

  • Evaluation of Steam Sterilization Processes: Comparing Calculations Using Temperature Data and Biointegrator Reduction Data and Calculation of Theoretical Temperature Difference
  • Optimization of the Drug Solution Preparation Process for a Production-Scale Crossflow Ultrafiltration System
  • Bacterial Adhesion: Considerations Within A Risk-Based Approach To Cleaning Validation
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Applying a Uniform Layer of Disinfectant by Wiping
Douglas W. Cooper
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Jan 2000, 54 (1) 44-58;

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