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Research ArticleResearch

Parallelism in Practice: Approaches to Parallelism in Bioassays

Kelly Fleetwood, Francis Bursa and Ann Yellowlees
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology March 2015, 69 (2) 248-263; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5731/pdajpst.2015.01016
Kelly Fleetwood
Quantics Consulting, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Francis Bursa
Quantics Consulting, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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  • For correspondence: francis.bursa@quantics.co.uk
Ann Yellowlees
Quantics Consulting, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Finney D. J.
    Statistical Method in Biological Assay, 2nd ed.; Charles Griffin and Co.: London, 1964.
  2. 2.↵
    Council of Europe. Statistical Analysis of Results of Biological Assays and Tests. In European Pharmacopoeia, 7th ed.; Council of Europe: Strasbourg, France, 2011; pp 551–579.
  3. 3.↵
    1. Callahan J. D.,
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    Testing the null hypothesis for a specified difference—the right way to test for parallelism. Bioprocessing J. 2003, 2, 71–77.
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    Assessing parallelism prior to determining relative potency. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol. 2005, 59 (2), 127.
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    1. Gottschalk P. G.,
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    Measuring parallelism, linearity, and relative potency in bioassay and immunoassay data. J. Biopharm. Stat. 2005, 15 (3), 437–463.
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  6. 6.↵
    United States Pharmacopeial Convention. <1032> Design and Development of Biological Assays. In First Supplement to USP 35-NF 30; United States Pharmacopeial Convention: Rockville, MD, 2012; pp 5160–5174.
  7. 7.↵
    United States Pharmacopeial Convention. <1033> Biological Assay Validation. In First Supplement to USP 35-NF 30; United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc.: Rockville, MD, 2012; pp 5174–5185.
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    United States Pharmacopeial Convention. <1034> Analysis of Biological Assays. In First Supplement to USP 35-NF 30; United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc.: Rockville, MD, 2012; pp 5186–5200.
  9. 9.↵
    1. Gottschalk P. G.,
    2. Dunn J. R.
    The five-parameter logistic: a characterization and comparison with the four-parameter logistic. Anal. Biochem. 2005, 343 (1), 54–65.
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  11. 11.↵
    1. Jonkman J. N.,
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    Evaluations of parallelism testing methods using ROC analysis. Stat. Biopharm. Res. 2012, 4 (2), 162–173.
    OpenUrl
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In This Issue

PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology: 69 (2)
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
Vol. 69, Issue 2
March/April 2015
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Parallelism in Practice: Approaches to Parallelism in Bioassays
Kelly Fleetwood, Francis Bursa, Ann Yellowlees
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Mar 2015, 69 (2) 248-263; DOI: 10.5731/pdajpst.2015.01016

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Parallelism in Practice: Approaches to Parallelism in Bioassays
Kelly Fleetwood, Francis Bursa, Ann Yellowlees
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Mar 2015, 69 (2) 248-263; DOI: 10.5731/pdajpst.2015.01016
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Models for Bioassay Data
    • 3. Three Tests for Parallelism
    • 4. Comparison of Tests Under Different Variance Patterns
    • 5. Parallelism Testing On Simulated Data Sets
    • 6. Comparing the Approaches
    • 7. Discussion
    • 8. Conclusions
    • Conflict of Interest Declaration
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • References
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Keywords

  • Bioassay
  • Parallelism
  • Similarity
  • Equivalence
  • Significance

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