Plasma Decontamination: A Case Study on Kill Efficacy of Geobacillus stearothermophilus Spores on Different Carrier Materials

Egmont Semmler; Wenzel Novak; Wilf Allinson; Darren Wallis; Nigel Wood; Peter Awakowicz; Joachim Wunderlich

doi:10.5731/pdajpst.2015.006163

References

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1. Hury S.,
2. Vidal D. R.,
3. Desor F.,
4. Pelletier J.,
5. Lagarde T.
A Parametric Study of the Destruction Efficiency of Bacillus Spores in Low Pressure Oxygen-Based Plasmas. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 1998, 26 (6), 417–421.
OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed
2.↵
1. Roth S.
Investigations on the Mechanisms of Sterilization by Non-Thermal Low-Pressure Nitrogen-Oxygen Plasmas. PhD Thesis, The University Hohenheim, Germany, 2011.
3.↵
1. Denis B.,
2. Steves S.,
3. Semmler E.,
4. Bibinov N.,
5. Novak W.,
6. Awakowicz P.
Plasma Sterilization of Pharmaceutical Products: From Basics to Production. Plasma Proc. Polym. 2012, 9 (6), 619–629.
OpenUrl
4.↵
1. Shintani H.,
2. Sakudo A.,
3. Burke P.,
4. McDonnell G.
Gas Plasma Sterilization of Microorganisms and Mechanisms of Action. Exp. Ther. Med. 2010, 1 (5), 731–738.
OpenUrl
5.↵
1. von Keudell A.,
2. Benedikt J.,
3. Raballand V.,
4. Yanguas-Gil A.,
5. Opretzka J.,
6. Flötgen C.,
7. Reuter R.,
8. Byelykh L.,
9. Halfmann H.,
10. Stapelmann K.,
11. Denis B.,
12. Wunderlich J.,
13. Muranyi P.,
14. Rossi F.,
15. Kylián O.,
16. Hasiwa N.,
17. Ruiz A.,
18. Rauscher H.,
19. Sirghi L.,
20. Comoy E.,
21. Dehen C.,
22. Challier L.,
23. Deslys J. P.
Inactivation of Bacteria and Biomolecules by Low-Pressure Plasma Discharges. Plasma Proc. Polym. 2010, 7 (3-4), 327–352.
OpenUrl
6.↵
1. Muranyi P.,
2. Langowski H.-C.,
3. Wunderlich J.
Plasmatechnologie—Neue Wege zur Entkeimung von Packstoffmaterialien. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2006, 78 (11), 1679–1706.
OpenUrl
7.↵
1. Rossi F.,
2. Kylián O.,
3. Rauscher H.,
4. Hasiwa M.,
5. Gilliland D.
Low Pressure Plasma Discharges for the Sterilization and Decontamination of Surfaces. New J. Phys. 2009, 11 (11), 115017.
OpenUrl
8.↵
1. Isbary G.,
2. Zimmermann J. L.,
3. Shimizu T.,
4. Li Y.-F.,
5. Morfill G. E.,
6. Thomas H. M.,
7. Steffes B,
8. Heinlin J.,
9. Karrer S.,
10. Stolz W.
Non-Thermal Plasma—More Than Five Years of Clinical Experience. Clinical Plasma Med. 2013, 1 (1), 19–23.
OpenUrl
9.↵
1. Jeon J.,
2. Rosentreter T. M.,
3. Li Y.-F.,
4. Isbary H. M.,
5. Thomas G.,
6. Zimmermann J. L.,
7. Morfill G. E.,
8. Shimizum T.
Bactericidal Agents Produced by Surface Micro Discharge (SMD) Plasma by Controlling Gas Compositions. Plasma Proc. Polym. 2014, 11 (5), 426–436.
OpenUrl
10.↵
1. Halfmann H.
Characterization of Low Pressure Double Inductively Coupled Plasmas, Determination of Fundamental Sterilization Mechanisms and Surface Modifications of Medical Materials. PhD Thesis, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 2008.
11.↵
1. Sigwarth V.,
2. Moirandat C.
Development and Quantification of H₂O₂ Decontamination Cycles. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol. 2000, 54 (4), 286–304.
OpenUrl Abstract/FREE Full Text
12.↵
1. Sigwarth V.,
2. Stärk A.
Effect of Carrier Materials on the Resistance of Spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus to Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol. 2003, 57 (1), 3–11.
OpenUrl Abstract/FREE Full Text
13.↵
1. McCauley K.,
2. Gillis J. R.
The Effect of Carrier Material on the Measured Resistance of Spores. Pharm. Tech. 2007, http://www.pharmtech.com/node/231496.
14.↵
1. Sussmann R. S.
Chapter 5.5.3. Etching of Carbon Structures by CH Groups. CVD Diamond for Electronic Devices and Sensors; John Wiley & Sons Ltd.: Hoboken, NJ, 2009.
15.↵
1. Semmler E.,
2. Denis B.,
3. Steves S.,
4. Awakowicz P.,
5. Novak W.
Internal investigation performed at GlaxoSmithKline plasma decontamination chamber. Etching of carbon layer on silicon wafer, 2012.
16.↵
1. Zaidel A. N.,
2. Shreider E. Y.
Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy; Humphrey Science Publishers: Ann Arbor, MI, 1970.
17.↵
1. Awakowicz P.,
2. Baldus S.,
3. Stapelmann K.,
4. Engelhardt M. Bibinov N.,
5. Denis B.
Optical Emission Spectroscopy as a Tool for Characterization of Technical Plasmas in Medical Applications. Plasma Med. 2012, 2 (1-3), 151–168.
OpenUrl
18.↵
1. Bornholdt S.,
2. Kersten H.
Transient Calorimetric Diagnosis for Plasma Processing. Eur. Phys. J. D. 2013, 67 (8), 1–11.
OpenUrl
19.↵
1. Shuvalov V. A.,
2. Lazuchenkov D. N.,
3. Kochubei G. S.,
4. Nosikov S. V.
A Calorimetric Probe Diagnostics for Neutral and Charged Components of a Rarefied Plasma Flow. Instrum. Exp. Technol. 2010, 53 (3), 393–400.
OpenUrl
20.↵
1. Engelhardt M.,
2. Denis B.,
3. Mussenbrock T.,
4. Awakowicz P.
Simulation of an Inductively Coupled Hydrogen Plasma for Sterilization Processes. Bulletin of the American Physical Society 2010, 55; http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2010.GEC.KWP.18.
21.↵
Chapter <1035> Biological Indicators for Sterilization; United States Pharmacopoeia 34—National Formulary 29; United States Pharmacopoeial Convention: Rockville, MD, 2010.
22.↵
1. Wood J. P.,
2. Lemieux P.,
3. Betancourt D.,
4. Kariher P.,
5. Gatchalian N. G.
Dry Thermal Resistance of Bacillus anthracis (Sterne) Spores and Spores of Other Bacillus Species: Implications for Biological Agent Destruction via Waste Incineration. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2010, 109 (1), 99–106.
OpenUrl PubMed
23.↵
ANSI/AAMI/ISO 11138-1:2006/(R)2010: Sterilization of health care products—Biological indicators—Part 1: General requirements.
24.↵
Chapter <55> Biological Indicators—Resistance Performance Tests; United States Pharmacopoeia 34—National Formulary 29; United States Pharmacopoeial Convention: Rockville, MD, 2010.
25.↵
DIN EN ISO 14161:2009: Sterilization of health care products—Biological Indicators—Guidance for the selection, use and interpretation of results.
26.↵
Guidance for Industry—Sterile Drug Products Produced by Aseptic Processing—Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Appendix 1-D.2; U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Silver Spring, MD, 2004; http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/index.html.

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Keywords

[1] 1.↵
Hury S.,
Vidal D. R.,
Desor F.,
Pelletier J.,
Lagarde T.
A Parametric Study of the Destruction Efficiency of Bacillus Spores in Low Pressure Oxygen-Based Plasmas. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 1998, 26 (6), 417–421.
OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed

[2] Hury S.,

[3] Vidal D. R.,

[4] Desor F.,

[5] Pelletier J.,

[6] Lagarde T.

[7] 2.↵
Roth S.
Investigations on the Mechanisms of Sterilization by Non-Thermal Low-Pressure Nitrogen-Oxygen Plasmas. PhD Thesis, The University Hohenheim, Germany, 2011.

[8] Roth S.

[9] 3.↵
Denis B.,
Steves S.,
Semmler E.,
Bibinov N.,
Novak W.,
Awakowicz P.
Plasma Sterilization of Pharmaceutical Products: From Basics to Production. Plasma Proc. Polym. 2012, 9 (6), 619–629.
OpenUrl

[10] Denis B.,

[11] Steves S.,

[12] Semmler E.,

[13] Bibinov N.,

[14] Novak W.,

[15] Awakowicz P.

[16] 4.↵
Shintani H.,
Sakudo A.,
Burke P.,
McDonnell G.
Gas Plasma Sterilization of Microorganisms and Mechanisms of Action. Exp. Ther. Med. 2010, 1 (5), 731–738.
OpenUrl

[17] Shintani H.,

[18] Sakudo A.,

[19] Burke P.,

[20] McDonnell G.

[21] 5.↵
von Keudell A.,
Benedikt J.,
Raballand V.,
Yanguas-Gil A.,
Opretzka J.,
Flötgen C.,
Reuter R.,
Byelykh L.,
Halfmann H.,
Stapelmann K.,
Denis B.,
Wunderlich J.,
Muranyi P.,
Rossi F.,
Kylián O.,
Hasiwa N.,
Ruiz A.,
Rauscher H.,
Sirghi L.,
Comoy E.,
Dehen C.,
Challier L.,
Deslys J. P.
Inactivation of Bacteria and Biomolecules by Low-Pressure Plasma Discharges. Plasma Proc. Polym. 2010, 7 (3-4), 327–352.
OpenUrl

[22] von Keudell A.,

[23] Benedikt J.,

[24] Raballand V.,

[25] Yanguas-Gil A.,

[26] Opretzka J.,

[27] Flötgen C.,

[28] Reuter R.,

[29] Byelykh L.,

[30] Halfmann H.,

[31] Stapelmann K.,

[32] Denis B.,

[33] Wunderlich J.,

[34] Muranyi P.,

[35] Rossi F.,

[36] Kylián O.,

[37] Hasiwa N.,

[38] Ruiz A.,

[39] Rauscher H.,

[40] Sirghi L.,

[41] Comoy E.,

[42] Dehen C.,

[43] Challier L.,

[44] Deslys J. P.

[45] 6.↵
Muranyi P.,
Langowski H.-C.,
Wunderlich J.
Plasmatechnologie—Neue Wege zur Entkeimung von Packstoffmaterialien. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2006, 78 (11), 1679–1706.
OpenUrl

[46] Muranyi P.,

[47] Langowski H.-C.,

[48] Wunderlich J.

[49] 7.↵
Rossi F.,
Kylián O.,
Rauscher H.,
Hasiwa M.,
Gilliland D.
Low Pressure Plasma Discharges for the Sterilization and Decontamination of Surfaces. New J. Phys. 2009, 11 (11), 115017.
OpenUrl

[50] Rossi F.,

[51] Kylián O.,

[52] Rauscher H.,

[53] Hasiwa M.,

[54] Gilliland D.

[55] 8.↵
Isbary G.,
Zimmermann J. L.,
Shimizu T.,
Li Y.-F.,
Morfill G. E.,
Thomas H. M.,
Steffes B,
Heinlin J.,
Karrer S.,
Stolz W.
Non-Thermal Plasma—More Than Five Years of Clinical Experience. Clinical Plasma Med. 2013, 1 (1), 19–23.
OpenUrl

[56] Isbary G.,

[57] Zimmermann J. L.,

[58] Shimizu T.,

[59] Li Y.-F.,

[60] Morfill G. E.,

[61] Thomas H. M.,

[62] Steffes B,

[63] Heinlin J.,

[64] Karrer S.,

[65] Stolz W.

[66] 9.↵
Jeon J.,
Rosentreter T. M.,
Li Y.-F.,
Isbary H. M.,
Thomas G.,
Zimmermann J. L.,
Morfill G. E.,
Shimizum T.
Bactericidal Agents Produced by Surface Micro Discharge (SMD) Plasma by Controlling Gas Compositions. Plasma Proc. Polym. 2014, 11 (5), 426–436.
OpenUrl

[67] Jeon J.,

[68] Rosentreter T. M.,

[69] Li Y.-F.,

[70] Isbary H. M.,

[71] Thomas G.,

[72] Zimmermann J. L.,

[73] Morfill G. E.,

[74] Shimizum T.

[75] 10.↵
Halfmann H.
Characterization of Low Pressure Double Inductively Coupled Plasmas, Determination of Fundamental Sterilization Mechanisms and Surface Modifications of Medical Materials. PhD Thesis, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 2008.

[76] Halfmann H.

[77] 11.↵
Sigwarth V.,
Moirandat C.
Development and Quantification of H₂O₂ Decontamination Cycles. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol. 2000, 54 (4), 286–304.
OpenUrl Abstract/FREE Full Text

[78] Sigwarth V.,

[79] Moirandat C.

[80] 12.↵
Sigwarth V.,
Stärk A.
Effect of Carrier Materials on the Resistance of Spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus to Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol. 2003, 57 (1), 3–11.
OpenUrl Abstract/FREE Full Text

[81] Sigwarth V.,

[82] Stärk A.

[83] 13.↵
McCauley K.,
Gillis J. R.
The Effect of Carrier Material on the Measured Resistance of Spores. Pharm. Tech. 2007, http://www.pharmtech.com/node/231496.

[84] McCauley K.,

[85] Gillis J. R.

[86] 14.↵
Sussmann R. S.
Chapter 5.5.3. Etching of Carbon Structures by CH Groups. CVD Diamond for Electronic Devices and Sensors; John Wiley & Sons Ltd.: Hoboken, NJ, 2009.

[87] Sussmann R. S.

[88] 15.↵
Semmler E.,
Denis B.,
Steves S.,
Awakowicz P.,
Novak W.
Internal investigation performed at GlaxoSmithKline plasma decontamination chamber. Etching of carbon layer on silicon wafer, 2012.

[89] Semmler E.,

[90] Denis B.,

[91] Steves S.,

[92] Awakowicz P.,

[93] Novak W.

[94] 16.↵
Zaidel A. N.,
Shreider E. Y.
Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy; Humphrey Science Publishers: Ann Arbor, MI, 1970.

[95] Zaidel A. N.,

[96] Shreider E. Y.

[97] 17.↵
Awakowicz P.,
Baldus S.,
Stapelmann K.,
Engelhardt M. Bibinov N.,
Denis B.
Optical Emission Spectroscopy as a Tool for Characterization of Technical Plasmas in Medical Applications. Plasma Med. 2012, 2 (1-3), 151–168.
OpenUrl

[98] Awakowicz P.,

[99] Baldus S.,

[100] Stapelmann K.,

[101] Engelhardt M. Bibinov N.,

[102] Denis B.

[103] 18.↵
Bornholdt S.,
Kersten H.
Transient Calorimetric Diagnosis for Plasma Processing. Eur. Phys. J. D. 2013, 67 (8), 1–11.
OpenUrl

[104] Bornholdt S.,

[105] Kersten H.

[106] 19.↵
Shuvalov V. A.,
Lazuchenkov D. N.,
Kochubei G. S.,
Nosikov S. V.
A Calorimetric Probe Diagnostics for Neutral and Charged Components of a Rarefied Plasma Flow. Instrum. Exp. Technol. 2010, 53 (3), 393–400.
OpenUrl

[107] Shuvalov V. A.,

[108] Lazuchenkov D. N.,

[109] Kochubei G. S.,

[110] Nosikov S. V.

[111] 20.↵
Engelhardt M.,
Denis B.,
Mussenbrock T.,
Awakowicz P.
Simulation of an Inductively Coupled Hydrogen Plasma for Sterilization Processes. Bulletin of the American Physical Society 2010, 55; http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2010.GEC.KWP.18.

[112] Engelhardt M.,

[113] Denis B.,

[114] Mussenbrock T.,

[115] Awakowicz P.

[116] 21.↵
Chapter <1035> Biological Indicators for Sterilization; United States Pharmacopoeia 34—National Formulary 29; United States Pharmacopoeial Convention: Rockville, MD, 2010.

[117] 22.↵
Wood J. P.,
Lemieux P.,
Betancourt D.,
Kariher P.,
Gatchalian N. G.
Dry Thermal Resistance of Bacillus anthracis (Sterne) Spores and Spores of Other Bacillus Species: Implications for Biological Agent Destruction via Waste Incineration. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2010, 109 (1), 99–106.
OpenUrl PubMed

[118] Wood J. P.,

[119] Lemieux P.,

[120] Betancourt D.,

[121] Kariher P.,

[122] Gatchalian N. G.

[123] 23.↵
ANSI/AAMI/ISO 11138-1:2006/(R)2010: Sterilization of health care products—Biological indicators—Part 1: General requirements.

[124] 24.↵
Chapter <55> Biological Indicators—Resistance Performance Tests; United States Pharmacopoeia 34—National Formulary 29; United States Pharmacopoeial Convention: Rockville, MD, 2010.

[125] 25.↵
DIN EN ISO 14161:2009: Sterilization of health care products—Biological Indicators—Guidance for the selection, use and interpretation of results.

[126] 26.↵
Guidance for Industry—Sterile Drug Products Produced by Aseptic Processing—Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Appendix 1-D.2; U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Silver Spring, MD, 2004; http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/index.html.

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References

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